New York City Food Protection Practice Test

What is the source of contamination for norovirus in food?

1. Airborne particles

2. Water from contaminated sources

3. Direct contact with infected individuals

4. Inadequate cooking processes

The correct answer is: Water from contaminated sources

Norovirus is highly contagious and is often transmitted through contaminated food or water. The primary source of contamination can occur when water used for drinking, irrigation, or food preparation is contaminated with the virus. This can happen due to sewage contamination or improper handling of contaminated water sources. While other factors such as direct contact with infected individuals do play a role in the spread of norovirus—since the virus can be shed in vomit and stool, potentially contaminating surfaces and food—water sources remain a significant and common pathway for the virus to enter the food supply. The spread of norovirus can also be associated with airborne particles to a minimal degree, particularly in instances of vomiting, but the more direct and common source of contamination, especially in a food context, is indeed contaminated water. Inadequate cooking processes may lead to the survival of some pathogens in food but norovirus is generally resistant to heat, making water contamination a more critical source to address for food safety.